Generally some network needed hardware as follows:
• Server
• Workstation
• NIC (Network Interface Card)
• Hub/Konsentrator
• Brigde
• Switch
• Repeater
• Router
• Sistem kabel
SERVER
Server was the computer have a speed high with the memory capacity (RAM) and big savings, and was connected with antarmuka the fast network (fast network interface). The system of the network operation worked to this computer, with application software and file the data that was needed.
Workstation
All the computers that terhubung to server in the network was mentioned with workstation. Workstation was the standard computer of the computer that dikonfigurasi menggunkan the card antarmuka the network, network software and cables that were needed. Workstation not always membutuhknan floppy the disk or harddisk because file could be kept in server.
NIC (Network Interface Card)
NIC was pealatan that enabled the occurrence of relations between network and the computer workstation or network with the computer server. Most of NIC were internal equipment that was installed in slot the expansion in the good computer slot Isa's expansion or slot the expansion of PCI. Bahkan to several mainboard the computer, NIC put on in an onboard manner meaning that joining with mainboard.
Hub/Konsentrator
Hub was the element was most important in LAN. Hub was the centre of the connection all node in the network as well as all the networks was connected one with that was other went through Hub. Hub acted as the manager's point for the activity of the system, the management as well as the development of the network.
Bridge
Bridge was the implement that enabled to divide a network that was big into two smaller networks, so as to become the more efficient network.
Switch
Switch was the implement that was used to connect several of LAN that was separated as well as provided the package filter between LAN. Switch LAN was equipment multiport, each one could support one workstation or all ethernet.
Repeater
When a sign passed by along the cable, this sign tended experienced the decline in the strength or the power. Repeater was the implement that could strengthen (boost) the sign of the network that crossed him.
Router
Router was used to change information from some network to network that was other. Router resembled smart bridge (superitellegent bridge).
The Cable System
The cable could be as the most protected transmission media categorised in two main groups that is:
a. The electric escort (electrical conductor)
b. Optic Fibre (fibre optic)
Respectively the category had many variasi. The cable that was grouped in the category of the electric escort that is TP (twisted-scanned) and coaxial (coaxial).
Along with this was given several illustrations of the cable :
1.The Koaksial cable
2.The STP cable
3.The TP cable
4.The UTP cable
5.The connector RJ45
6.The BNC connector
7.The Spare cable Optics
HARDWARE
That is all supportive equipment the computerisation system that worked together. Generally Hardware consist of:
a. Input Device
That is the implement that was used to receive put the data and the program that will be processed in the computer. The example: Keyboard, Mouse, Light Pen, Touch Screen (the Screen touched), Scanner, OCR Tag Reader (Often was used in self-service), Digital Camera, Disk.
b. Process Device
That is the implement that was used to process the data that was put into the computer. The example: CPU (Central Processing Unit) CPU (Central Processing Unit) was the main part of a component that was responsible for on the guidance of all the activity of computer parts, also having a function of carrying out the process of the calculation and logic.
There were 3 main CPU parts that is:
1. Control the Unit (CU) the Task from CU (Control the Unit) was:
§ Arrange and mengendalaikan the equipment input and output
§ Take intruksi-instruction from playing Memory
§ sent the instruction to Arithmatic and Logic Unit
§ kept results of the process to played Memory
2. Arithmatic And Logic Unit (ALU)
the main Task did Arithmatic And Logic Unit (the PESTLE) was to carry out the calculation operation of mathematics and logic that happened appropriate intruksi the program.
3. Play Memory/Internal Storage/Temporary Storage
The function: to keep the data and the instruction that were needed in the process of the processing by the computer.
Memory or Internal Storage was distinguished to 2 kinds, that is:
a. ROM ( Read Only Memory )
§ Memori that only could dibaca
§ Data was permanent, meaning that the data and the program could not be removed, increased or reduced as well as continued to be although the computer was killed.
§ Penulisan of the data to CREAM was done by the manufacturer's factory of the computer.
b. RAM ( Random Access Memory )
§ Memori that could be read and ditulisi § Data his characteristics were not permanent, meaning that if electricity was out the data will vanish, except when the data has been kept in External Storage (the disk) § Penulisan of the data was to RAM done through keyboard.
c. Output Device ( Peralatan Keluaran )
That is equipment that was used to dismiss results of the processing by the computer.
Results of the processing by the computer could be distinguished in 4 form sorts, that is:
1. The article that consisted of the letter, the figure, the special character, and other symbols.
2. The image, in a form of the graph or gambar
3. The voice, dlam the form of music or omongan
4. The form that could be read by the machine and was understood by the computer
The implement output was distinguished by above 3 kinds, that is:
1. Hard Copy Device, the implement that was used to print the article (the letter, the figure, the special character and other symbols) as well as the image to the hard media.
The example: Printer
2. Soft Copy Device, the implement that was used to put forward or produce the article (the letter, the figure, the special character and other symbols), the voice as well as the image to the soft media take the form of signal electronics.
The example: the Monitor, speaker
3. Drive device or driver, the implement that was used to record the symbol in betuk that only could be read by the machine to the disk media or fermented magnetic.
The example: the Disk drive, fermented drive
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